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"Communist International" redirects here. For other uses, see Communist International (disambiguation).
| Communist International | |
|---|---|
| Leaders | |
• General Secretary | Georgi Dimitrov |
| Modèle:Infobox pays/formernext | |
The Communist International, also known as the Third International or Comintern, was an international communist organization led by the Soviet Union. It was established in 1919 after the October Revolution and dissolved in 1943 after the Nazi invasion of the USSR. It was briefly succeeded by the Cominform in 1947.
Structure[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
Delegates from communist parties around the world participated in World Congresses of the Comintern. The Congress decided the number of votes for each party based on its membership and the political importance of the country it is from. The World Congress elected an Executive Committee to lead between congresses, and all parties in the Comintern had to follow the decisions of the Executive Committee. Individual parties could appeal against resolutions of the Executive Committee to the World Congress but had to follow the Congress's decision.
The Executive Committee often invited delegates from communist parties to their meetings but only members elected to the Committee at the World Congress could vote. The Executive Committee elected a Presidium that met at least once a month and the Presidium elected a Political Secretariat.[1]
History[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
First Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
The First Congress of the Comintern was held in Moscow in 1919. It included communist parties from many countries, including Russia, Hungary, Germany, Japan, Italy, and the États-Unis.
Second Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
Third Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
Fourth Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
In 1922, Tan Malaka of Indonesia proposed collaboration between communism and pan-Islamism. The Congress rejected it because of the reactionary roles of many Muslim clerics.[2]
Fifth Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
In 1927, the Comintern adopted the line that bourgeois national liberation movements would betray the proletariat.[3]
Sixth Congress[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
At its Sixth Congress in 1928, the Comintern warned of a new fascist offensive against the proletariat.[4]
Septième Congrès[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
Le Komintern a révisé sa position sur la libération nationale en 1935 pour encourager une alliance temporaire entre le prolétariat et la bourgeoisie nationale des nations colonisées.[3] Il a également encouragé les communistes en Europe à former des fronts populaires contre le fascisme avec toutes les forces antifascistes.[5]
Pacte anti-Komintern[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
En 1936, l'Allemagne nazie et le Japon ont signé un pacte contre le Komintern.[6] L'Espagne fasciste et le reste de l'Axe ont ensuite signé le pacte.
Références[modifier | modifier le wikicode]
- ↑ J. Peters (1935). A Manual on Organisation: 'Structure and Functions of the Party Organizations'. Workers Library Publishers. [MIA]
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2017). Red Star over the Third World: 'Soviet Asia' (pp. 73–74). [PDF] LeftWord Books.
- ↑ 3,0 et 3,1 Vijay Prashad (2008). The Darker Nations: A People's History of the Third World: 'Brussels' (p. 22). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]
- ↑ Georgi Dimitrov (1937). The United Front: 'The Fascist Offensive and the Tasks of the Communist International' (p. 9). Proletarian Publishers.
- ↑ Vijay Prashad (2008). Les nations plus sombres : Une histoire populaire du tiers monde: 'Bali' (p. 157). [PDF] The New Press. ISBN 9781595583420 [LG]
- ↑ Ludo Martens (1996). Une autre vision de Staline: 'Staline et la guerre antifasciste' (pp. 185–190). [PDF] Éditions EPO. ISBN 9782872620814